Eco‐friendly panels made of autoclaved flax composites and upcycled bottle caps core: experimental and numerical analysis

The use of recycled and renewable components in structural applications supports the development sustainable lightweight structures. Disposed bottle caps can be used to generate eco-friendly honeycomb cores, especially when combined with other components. A natural fibre-based laminate represents an alternative synthetic fibres, matrices, metals skins for sandwich panels. This study evaluates flax fibre laminates as panels made from upcycled core. Metallic skin cases are also tested a reference. influence amount adhesive produce is investigated 22 full factorial design, together independent test carried out on samples fibres. characterisation against flexural low-velocity dynamic loads indicates that leads specific core shear moduli up 19% higher than aluminium-based Unidirectional however, reduce energy absorption during impact. Flexural properties show most efficient design involves least amount. Finite element models good fit experimental results indicate 166% increase presence multidirectional laminates.